Urea
Carbonic Diamide; Carbamide; Carbonyldiamide; Diaminomethanal; E927b
Key applications
Raw materials for the horticultural industry,
Raw materials for dairy processing,
Raw materials for construction chemicals production,
Raw materials for household chemicals production,
Raw materials for paints and coatings production,
Raw materials for adhesives, oils, and lubricants production,
Raw materials for fertilizer production,
Raw materials for plastics production,
Cosmetic raw materials,
Feed raw materials
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What is urea? Physicochemical properties
Urea (also known as carbamide) is an organic chemical compound – the diamide of carbonic acid, with the chemical formula CO(NH2)2. It occurs as white crystals or granules that are highly soluble in water. Urea is an industrial product obtained from ammonia and carbon dioxide. This process takes place in large industrial plants, where parameters such as pressure, temperature, and the presence of catalysts are controlled to achieve optimal yields and product purity.


Urea in Agriculture
Urea is one of the most commonly used nitrogen sources in agriculture, owing to its efficiency and availability. Its primary use is as a nitrogen source in mineral fertilizers. Nitrogen plays a vital role in promoting plant growth, leaf development, and flowering. When applied correctly, urea fertilization can significantly enhance crop yields, both in terms of quantity and quality. Additionally, urea helps regulate soil pH, preventing its acidification. It can also reduce nitrogen loss from the soil caused by evaporation and denitrification. Compared to other nitrogen sources, urea is relatively inexpensive, which offers a cost-effective solution for farmers. Widely available in the market, it can be applied on both large and small agricultural fields. When used appropriately, it can support sustainable agriculture by reducing the need for chemical pesticides and other yield-boosting substances.

Urea in the Feed Industry
Urea is used in feed production primarily as a source of nitrogen and protein for animals. It serves as an effective nitrogen source in animal feeds, supporting the growth and development of animals as well as milk and egg production. The addition of urea can improve the nutritional value of animal feeds by enhancing the digestibility of nutrients and increasing nutritional efficiency. It supports gut health by stimulating the growth of beneficial intestinal flora, positively affecting digestion and the overall well-being of animals. In some cases, urea acts as a pH regulator in feeds, helping maintain an optimal digestive environment for animals. The use of urea in feed production can be economically beneficial, as it is relatively inexpensive compared to other protein sources.

Urea in the Food Industry
Urea in the food industry has several applications, although it is used in small amounts due to food safety regulations. It is used as a food additive, labeled as E927b. Urea can act as an acidity regulator in food products, helping to maintain the appropriate pH level. In the production of certain fermented products, such as beer or wine, it may be used as a nitrogen source for yeast, supporting fermentation. Urea also acts as a stabilizer, helping to maintain the quality and shelf life of food products.

Urea in Cosmetology
Urea is commonly used in cosmetics due to its beneficial moisturizing and skincare properties. As an ingredient in cosmetics, urea acts as a powerful humectant, attracting and retaining water in the skin. It can soothe and hydrate dry, rough skin while effectively addressing redness and irritation. In some cosmetic products, urea is used for gentle exfoliation of dead skin cells, improving skin texture. It aids in the regeneration and renewal of the epidermis, supporting the skin’s natural renewal processes. Urea is often recommended in products designed for skin issues such as psoriasis, eczema, or atopic dermatitis. It enhances the effectiveness of other active ingredients, working synergistically with them in cosmetic formulations. Urea is a versatile compound found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, body lotions, face masks, and foot care products.

Urea in the Chemical Industry
Mocznik znajduje szerokie zastosowanie w przemyśle chemicznym, gdzie jest kluczowym składnikiem wielu procesów i produktów.
- Urea has a wide range of applications in the chemical industry, where it is a key component in many processes and products.
- Production of cyanuric acid: This is one of the main products derived from urea, further used in the synthesis of other chemical compounds.
- Production of melamine: Urea is used in the production of melamine, a chemical compound employed in the manufacturing of food products, adhesives, and insulating materials.
- Production of dyes: Urea can be used as a substrate in the synthesis of certain chemical dyes.
- Catalysts and reagents: Urea is often used as a catalyst or reagent in various chemical reactions, assisting in their progress and efficiency.
- Refrigeration technologies: In some refrigeration technologies, urea is used as a cooling agent, in liquid form, for storing nitrogen.
- Production of plant protection products: In the chemical industry, urea can also be used as an ingredient in the production of certain plant protection products, although its use in this area is limited due to environmental and safety regulations.
- Pharmaceutical industry: An ingredient in certain medicines and medical preparations.


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