Monopropylene Glycol MPG EP/USP
MPG; Propane-1;2-diol; 1;2-dihydroxypropane; α-propylene Glycol
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What is Monopropylene Glycol MPG EP/USP?
Pharmaceutical grade propylene glycol is a highly purified form of propylene glycol in the form of a colorless, odorless liquid with a slightly oily consistency. It is approved for use in medicinal products, medical devices, and dietary supplements. In this case, quality is key. That’s why the Monopropylene Glycol MPG EP/USP available at Centro-chem is a high-purity raw material designed for applications where safety and compliance with applicable standards are essential.
Physicochemical properties
Pharmaceutical grade propylene glycol retains all the key properties of standard propylene glycol: it is fully soluble in water and alcohol, has low volatility, high viscosity, and is hygroscopic. Its boiling point is around 188°C, and its freezing point is approximately -59°C. This means it remains stable at both low and high temperatures—an important advantage for the demanding pharmaceutical industry.
As expected from a substance intended for medical use, pharmaceutical grade propylene glycol is non-toxic and well tolerated by the human body. This makes it suitable as a solvent and carrier for active ingredients in oral, injectable, and topical medications, including those applied to the skin and mucous membranes. Additionally, due to its low chemical reactivity, it does not compromise the stability of active substances or alter the pharmaceutical properties of the final product.
How does propylene glycol work?
Pharmaceutical grade propylene glycol primarily acts as a solvent and carrier for active ingredients; it supports their distribution and enhances absorption in the body. Its chemical structure allows it to effectively bind both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds, making it an extremely versatile component in oral, topical, and injectable formulations. Moreover, it ensures stable and even distribution of active substances throughout the formulation, which contributes to improved efficacy and longer shelf life of the product.
Another advantage of pharmaceutical grade propylene glycol is its preservative and stabilizing effect. This substance has antimicrobial properties, which significantly limit the growth of bacteria and mold in finished pharmaceutical products. As a result, it extends the shelf life of formulations without the need for additional preservatives. Moreover, its presence improves texture and viscosity, making it easier for the end user to apply creams, ointments, or gels.
In pharmaceuticals, penetration-enhancing effects are also essential – pharmaceutical grade propylene glycol improves the absorption of active substances through the skin and mucous membranes. This is especially important in dermatological preparations, as it significantly increases their effectiveness. In addition, when used at appropriate concentrations, the substance is non-irritating, making it safe for use on sensitive skin and even in products intended for children.
Applications of Pharmaceutical Grade MPG in Pharmaceuticals and Medicine
Pharmaceutical grade propylene glycol is extremely versatile, which makes it widely used as a carrier for active ingredients in oral medications (syrups, solutions), topical formulations (creams, ointments, gels), and parenteral products (injections and infusions). Thanks to its chemical neutrality and high biological tolerance, it is also used in pharmacy compounding, dietary supplements, mouthwashes, and inhalation drugs.
In medicine, propylene glycol is used in medical devices such as contact lens solutions, ultrasound gels, and personal hygiene products. It also serves as a component in solvents for poorly water-soluble substances, allowing their use in treatments for patients of all ages.
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